Counseling gifted students

The child who is gifted has different sets of needs and challenges which are indeed complex ones. The bigger bulk of responsibility lies in the hands of the parents and then the school. A lot of studies have been conducted to establish what these needs are, how one gifted child differs from another, and the varying interventions that may be employed to enhance and meet the unique requirements of the gifted child. This paper attempts to explain in precis guidelines in counseling the gifted students according to how they conduct themselves within and outside the academe.This will include a discussion of some issues that address the parents’ roles and those that may be acquainted with the students. Discussion Giftedness comes in diverse ways, and educators, parents alike follow some hard and fast rules in determining students who fall into specific categories of giftedness. This definitely spells problems as findings in studies show. ~Background Terman brought the Binet intellige nce inventory to the United States in the early 1920s. This intelligence test became widely used for categorizations of giftedness as well.Eventually, other tools were developed to classify giftedness since the measurement of intelligence was no longer sufficient to put people or children into the categorizations. For instance, many who got average or below average scores in the tests possess creativity in other areas not just measured in the IQ tests. During Lewis Terman’s time, he succeeded to identify many with 130 and above IQs who faired and did well in professional work. Gone was the picture of a â€Å"puny, pasty-faced bookworm† (Papalia et al., 2001)which used to depict someone with high intelligence. What emerged were profiles of well-adjusted, vocationally superior students and adults. With this sample, there was not one who came out as a person as close to the intellectual capacity as that of Einstein. Einstein was thought to be described as possessing the i nsatiable drive and the â€Å"furious impulse to understand† (Papalia et al. , 2001 in Michelmore, 1962, p. 24). Today, many specialists look into the minds of a gifted student by defining and measuring creativity.This entails that a person possesses the ability to provide a novel idea or solution to a problem, make solutions which others have not discovered before, or finding very unusual solutions. It takes into consideration that high creativity may not be found with the high academic intelligence criterion. Classic researches by Anastasi and Schaefer 1971, Getzels in 1964, 1984, Getzels and Jackson in 1962, 1963, all reveal the â€Å"modest correlations† linking IQ and creativity (Papalia et al. , 2001).From this development, Guilford proposed the two kinds of thinking: the convergent and divergent. IQ tests measure convergent thinking which looks for accurate and single correct answer or solution. The tests for creativity seek divergent type of thinking (Papalia e t al. , 2001 in Guilford, 1956, 1959, 1960, 1967, 1986 & Torrance, 1966, 1974). ~Interventions and Enrichment Programs are varied depending on the institution in which the student/s is enrolled; however, most schools are mandated and are trained to identify or recognize children with gifted or exceptional abilities.The US Department of Education identifies the basic two approaches employed in meeting the complex needs of this oftentimes marginalized segment of students. Enrichment enlarges and intensifies skills and knowledge base by providing the student with additional classroom projects or activities; field trips can be very important to enhancing a student’s creativity and coaching by an expert in the child’s specific talent or interest. Another approach is acceleration which is oftentimes urged by experts and educators.Children skip a grade or take a placement test to be classified in a specific or particular subject or advanced courses. The counseling course then often takes a route along these two approaches. Once the child is identified as possessing some remarkable qualities that are unusual to his age or group, the parents are advised to provide the enrichment the child needs. In whatever the case, teachers often are placed in positions to identify these creative streaks and expected to make the necessary interventions to help the student make use of his talents.In most cases, children suffer some debilitating â€Å"handicaps† due to their unusual creativity; such as a combination of ADHD and the giftedness (they call it â€Å"twice exceptional) (Mahoney, 2007). This is where parents and especially teachers must be fully trained to spot complications that go with being gifted. ~What a teacher can do for gifted students One of the glaring realities of academics is that with normal schooling, majority of the school materials are based on developmental norms. This only means one important and relevant thing concerning the gifted st udent: they are highly inappropriate for him.Hence, even if many of these teachers may be willing to find ways to help them, the teachers may have deficiencies in handling their cases or the experience to know what efforts to pursue that are more applicable to these students. For instance, the regular manner of teaching is the reductionistic method; the taking of large chunks of information and breaking these into â€Å"bite sized† portions for schoolchildren. However, in stark contrast, the minds of the highly exceptional have the capacity to â€Å"swallow† large portions of these materials in a single time.They thrive on more complex and difficult subjects. Because of this scenario, students who receive â€Å"normal school† treatment may be forced to go at the slow pace and may appear incapable among their peers. Teachers must be made aware that alongside other difficulties, specific manifestations may be evident as symptoms of their difficulties; e. g. , havi ng messy school work because their hands cannot cope with the speed of their minds, or may even be poor spellers and poor performers in rote memorization. In other words, these students with their contrasting difficulties just don’t seem to fit.Students with exceptional abilities need the help of not only one or two people but if possible many individuals. It takes a concerted and coordinated effort from different entities for many students with giftedness to benefit from. There is first and foremost the contribution of the educational community as important and crucial partners to assure that the following outcomes be attained: 1) Every individual with exceptionalities be provided with individualized assistance and encouragement from a professionally competent as well as caring or empathic specialist.This means that students with exceptionalities are recipients of the expertise of teachers with the right trainings; school counselors with sufficient skills and knowledge in gu iding individual students with more than average capabilities; and an educational pool of experts within the community whose aims or goals are to keep on innovating the strategies to enhance the students’ abilities. 2) That the educator whose practice is geared towards giftedness be empowered and provided with the right opportunities for teaching and learning effective means of this specific profession.This implies that not only in the national, regional level, every teacher or instructor in each local institution both in the private and public arena be given the chance for the basics in detecting giftedness and guiding problems and challenges that exceptional students face. 3) That validated and effective instructional practice and training be used in the specialty ensuring the students of updated methods and processes in the field of giftedness (Coleman, 2000). ~The School Counselor’s roleThe rationale for laws that are put in place requiring every school employing t he services of a school counselor is well supported by researches for the special and constant needs of students who come with different degrees and measures of difficulties. Because the viewpoint of highly gifted students is definitely beyond what ordinary students may envision their circumstances, academics and life in general may be, this heightened perception always entail disadvantageous results in their manner of conducting their lives. At the outset, with this picture, children must have caring adults who see their world and the way they perceive things.What are the basic needs that children or students have with highly exceptional abilities? Two primary needs are important to examine: the need for these students to feel comfortable with their giftedness that create both immense possibilities as well as their corresponding difficulties, and the need to cultivate, expand, and utilize their potential. In addition, the powerful internal drive to highlight and build on these abil ities may be frustrated or blunted by several means with dire consequences resulting to a student’s paralyzing emotional injury.The goal then for the parents, teacher or school counselor is to magnify on the child becoming an asset rather than emphasizing on such possibilities as pursuing and achieving fame, high economic status or even a Nobel Prize. It is important that the goal for the educational community is for gifted students who will develop into an individual adult who will become comfortable with his innate capabilities and has used them productively. ~Issues of Confidentiality and the need to disclose Many problems are faced by students who are highly creative.This includes the need to conform to the majority, seemingly lacking in motivation, lack of insights into their asynchronicity, the parental lack in terms of knowledge or understanding into their child’s dilemmas, underachievement and a host of others. These are further complicated by lack of experts i n the local level. To be specific, school counselors will have to examine the eventualities when counselees are confronted with concerns such as confidentiality and the need to disclose. Psychotherapy or counseling with minors is quite a challenging work considering that its very nature poses many complications in many areas.There are ethical and legal issues to consider aside from protecting confidentiality for the minor client. The therapist must have acquired a comprehensive knowledge (a priori knowledge, as expected from a professional psychotherapist) with regards to the complexities involved in an issue/s he or she will be dealing with to steer clear further unnecessary complications. Applying ethical standards, to breach the confidentiality of things of which the counselor has become a privy to because of the client’s trust might be necessary considering the overall scenario.For one thing, the patient is still a minor. The parents must be involved in the whole process of counseling until emotional and mental healing is achieved (ASCA, A. 7. , A. 8. , and B. 1, 1998). In surveys conducted, there is a common sentiment by teens that eventually, when there is endangerment and/or threats that may be involved, they consent to having that confidentiality breached. They would still want their parents or caregivers to be finally involved and included in their dilemma (Isaacs & Stone, 1999).Based on this study, the minors expect that though their privacy ought to be respected, they also recognized that there are still certain limitations to this confidentiality. At the bottom of this problem is the premise of collaboration of parents, the child, the school with the teachers and school counselor in active roles and the other aspects of the society. What is crucial here is the time and effort expended to thoroughly explain the limitations of confidentiality and other provisions existing within the helping relationship (Isaacs & Stone, 1999).It is not foolpro of and perfect but so far the best approach in every situation where minors are the primary clients. Reference: American School Counselor Association. 1998. Ethical Standards for school counselors. Alexandria. VA: Author. Retrieved February 18, 2008. Bourg, Allison, 2007. Counseling the Gifted: Andy Mahoney puts talent, experience to good use. Retrieved February 28, 2008. Coleman, M. R. 2000. Conditions for special education training: CEC Commission Technical Report.Arlington, VA. Isaacs, M. L. , & C. Stone. 1999. School Counselors and confidentiality: Factors affecting professional choices. Professional School Counseling, 2(4). 258 -267. Accessed February 8, 2008. ProQuest Database. Isaacs, M. L. , & C. Stone. 2001. Confidentiality with minors: Mental Health Counselors’ attitudes toward breaching or preserving confidentiality. Journal of Mental Health Counseling. 23(4), 342-357; Accessed February 18, 2008. Papalia, Diane, Sally W. Olds &Ruth D. Feldman. 2001. Human develop ment, 8th ed. McGraw Hill. U. S. A.

Food and the Endless Waltz Essay

Akira Kurosawa’s seminal work Seven Samurai is a stirring and heart-rending commentary on 16th century Japan. The movie focuses on the rigid caste system of Japan where warriors fight while peasants farm to support them. The film’s artistic value makes it worthy of being called a Kurosawa masterpiece. However, it is in the lesson the film seeks to impart that is perhaps where the true genius of Kurosawa is seen. Set in the Sengoku Jidai, the century of war, the haughty warrior class are locked in an endless waltz of bloodshed while the food producing peasant, the true heart of Japan, are ignored though they always win in the end. For pure production value alone Seven Samurai was a masterpiece. Kurosawa introduced a number of filming techniques that would soon be mainstream fare for action films the world over. One example is the use of slow motion filming to emphasize the death of a main character. It was also the most expensive Japanese film of its time and is possibly the most successful Japanese film period. The premise of the film is as common as rice in Sengoku Jidai Japan. A group of bandits, either masterless samurai called Ronin or desperate peasants driven to banditry by the loss of their farms to the constant warfare, are terrorizing a village. Peasants lacking the skills and weapons to fight back they seek help from the Gentleman Warrior class known as Samurai. After much hardship they find Seven Samurai, well six considering that Kikuchiyo was just a pretender, who after much blood shed succeed in fending of the bandit. Ironically, instead of a victory parade or laurels they are ostracized by the people they just bled for. The main theme is the separation between the Warrior class and the peasants. The peasants humbly admit that they are incapable of fighting and are forced to go to the city and recruit Samurai who are willing to fight for mere three meals a day since that is all they can afford to pay. The haughty Samurai reject this offer since, as member of the gentleman warrior class they deserve better than three peasant meals a day as wages for their services. With the help of a grizzled veteran Samurai named Kanbei they managed to recruit Six Samurai plus a straggler named Kikuchiyo. They receive a cold welcome from the other villagers who fear them as much as they feared the bandits. This theme continues to be played out during the movie. In the past wounded, fleeing Samurai were killed and robbed by the villagers when the Samurai sought refuge there. The Seven Samurai are enraged at this brutality and nearly turn on their employers. The farmers are worried that the Samurai would take their young women and in fact one of the Samurai does carry on an affair with a village daughter. All this is the result of the age old tradition that only certain worthy individuals could become Samurai warriors. The rest of the rural folk are consigned to becoming peasants. The Samurai choose to break this tradition by training the local peasants to help them defend the village, albeit with limited success. The end of the movie displays the most poignant scene in the whole film. Four of the Samurai are slain but the village is sucessfully defended. Instead of showing gratitude, the villagers ignore the surviving Samurai and busy themselves with planting next year’s crop. Kanbei lament that â€Å"He has never won a battle† is given new meaning. Doubtless, the three surviving Samurai will move on to another of the endless battles of the era known as â€Å"The century of war† leaving the villagers in peace. Victory belongs not to the slain bandits nor the ostracized surviving Samurai but to the common peasants. They won because their life can now go back to normal to planting the life giving rice that sustains Japan to this day. True, they are maltreated by their lords, helplessly slaughtered in the battles, and at times forcibly conscripted as they were in the film. But the peasant’s life will continue, planting rice, water and tend the crop, then harvest just as he had for centuries, just as he will continue to do.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another theme is the superiority of modern technology over the old. Many subplots in the movie are about disabling the firearms of the bandits. There are fourty bandits and only seven Samurai but the Samurai are better skilled only the firearms give the bandits the upper hand. In fact all four of the Samurai killed died due to gunfire and not in honorable single combat.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Finally there is the wisdom of Kikuchiyo. He was a phony Samurai lacking the high-birth of a proper member of the warrior class. Yet with the exception of Kanbei perhaps he had the most significant role in the movie. He is the one who sucessfully breaks the ice and convinces the Villagers to flee from their hiding places and meet the other Samurai. He was also the one who pointed out that the reason the fleeing Samurai are maltreated by the villagers is because they too absorbed cruel treatment from the warrior class. It was mainly through his wisdom and understanding, he is not actually a Samurai but a farmer’s son, that the Samurai and the villagers are able to work together in harmony. Truly, despite his unworthy roots and oafish behavior he is probably the most ‘Samurai’ of the seven. He dies a noble and worthy death avenging a fallen comrade and slaying the leader of the bandits.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As stated earlier, Seven Samurai is a testimony to the skill of Akira Kurosawa in both writing and directing. The films shows the suffering of the peasants during the Sengoku Jidai. The Samurai win victories only to waltz on to another of the endless battles perhaps to win or perhaps to die. But after the warrirors leave the food producing peasant will stay in his field and contiue planting his life giving crop. Sources Kurosawa, Akira â€Å"Seven Samurai† (26 April 1954)   

Reflection of the Adventure of Huckleberry Finn Essay

This novel was truly hard for me personally to read, because I have not really explored the world of southern society. During the days of reading this book I also learned many lessons of how to view the world in a different perspective. I learned that not all traditions can be explained with science or logic, but to just believe on what others thought it would be. The project that came along with this novel was a great way to analyze what the themes of this story consisted of. The themes in this book had many life experiences built within them. Mark Twain had great purpose when writing this book. I believe he wrote this book to show readers that there is never a right or wrong answer when dealing with one’s perspective. This book was a great way to expand my views on how environments and situations can affects decisions of young boy. I have truly learned from this book. I would recommend this to all future students taking this class. Look more:  examples of satire in huck finn essay I also want to talk about the team participation in my â€Å"Superstition† group. Overall, I believe that everyone did their part in contributing to the presentation. Jamacia led the team in making the Jeopardy game, Megan led the making of the powerpoint, Erik led the team in making games like charades, as well as bringing in the awesome smoke machine. I contributed my writing my paper and helping Megan with the presentation. I believe that our team worked well together.

Nursing managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Nursing managment - Essay Example In other words, the administrative practicum project will give me the opportunity to apply theoretical knowledge in a real world situation. Administrative positions in modern healthcare setting is increasingly complex or demanding as the field is highly affected by issues like nurse shortage, clinical errors, and unethical medical practices. Practicum in advanced nursing for the nurse administrator will make a candidate efficient in management of clients, nurses, and resources. Evidently, the practicum project will give me the opportunity to apply the principles of administration under the supervision of a competent preceptor. As far as I am concerned, administrative practicum project will provide me with a highly individualized experience and thereby profound knowledge in complex systems, leadership practice, and organizational theory. However, as Harris et al notes, ‘the collaborative synergy of the preceptor, student, and the practicum instructor’ is significant in the learning experience of the student (213). In total, the administrative practicum project I am doing for my MSN degree can contribute a lot to my nursing career development. Extensive knowledge in nursing administrative positions and practical knowledge in management of clients and resources are the primary outcomes this practicum project offers. Harris, James. L., Roussel, Linda., Walters, Sandra and Dearman, Catherine. Project Planning and Management: A Guide for CNLs, DNPs, and Nurse Executives. US: Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 2010.

Policies to the Maintenance of the National Sovereignty Case Study

Policies to the Maintenance of the National Sovereignty - Case Study Example For any immigration policy to have sustainable success, the key element to be taken care is assimilation. However, no country in the world has been successful as the United States, in ensuring the acculturation of the immigrants. It has been ensured to turn the immigrants into Americans at the soonest as a result of the strategic immigration policy. This successful immigration policy has earned the United States of America the fame as the world’s first universal nation. (Hayworth, John D & Eule, Joe, 2006 b) This assimilation has had extensive acceleration in the early twentieth century due to the active involvement of public schools, churches, and other social organizations in promoting the Americanization process. Interestingly even larger corporate firms took up the onus of carrying out the deliverables of the governmental immigration policy. (Hayworth, John D & Eule, Joe, 2006 b) Â   Â   Â   Â   However, a policy change more assertive on multiculturalism than on Americanization changed the scenario to a large extent. The policies changed its concerns more towards cultural equity and respect than on Americanization. Even the education system and the governance system asserting on bilingual strategies stand as a proof for this development. Unfortunately, these policy changes led to the segregation of the immigrants from the American born citizens (Lippman, Lorna, 1983). The matter of higher concern is that this segregation never melted through generations. The newer generations of the immigrants were also encouraged to stick on to their own cultural values though to a varied extent. Resultantly The United States of America turned out to be a nation where varied cultures and people of nationalities coexisted in peace but was never united as a single community having similar values and goals (Hayworth, John D & Eule, Joe, 2006 b). To be more precise, the immi gration policies never encouraged this binding process.

Public and Private Partnership Barnhill school, Hillingdon Essay

Public and Private Partnership Barnhill school, Hillingdon - Essay Example The popularity of the PPPs has been likely to increase over the years as there are a greater number of such partnerships between the private and the public sector, where the public sector’s limited budgets persist the adoption of such a partnership and the private sector envisages opportunities of making profits through such partnerships. However, this partnership demands a close scrutiny in order to have a complete analysis of the outcomes that are required. The possibilities of the partnership between the two sectors is illustrated with the (Figure 1)As the figure illustrates at one extreme the public sector can fully take charge and responsibility of all the aspects of the service delivery including the infrastructure, whereas the private sector can also take up these responsibilities. However, there is a variation relative to a number of responsibilities taken up by both the sectors. In the ideal situation the PPPs help in capitalizing the strengths of the parties from bot h the sectors, so as to make the partnership mutually beneficial.A new school needed to be established in the Borough of Hillingdon by the Hillingdon Borough Council in order to provide additional space within the borough for educating 1450 school children, between the ages of 11 and 18 years (Ryan, 2004). The school required facilities that included assembly hall, dining area, catering facility, library, IT suite, sports hall a stimulating indoor environment, hence a complete construction of the building on the existing site. For this to take place Private Finance Initiative (PFI) was used as the route of procurement in order to make use of the public money in a better and effective way. The government policies were taken into consideration for the project that also required it to be environmentally, economically and socially sustainable (Garwood, Logan, Mills, & Willoughby). The Stakeholders to the project The PFI project (Broadbent & Laughlin, 1998) has two fundamental requiremen ts that it must demonstrate the value for money and also there should be transfer of risk from the public sector to the private sector. As for the value of money, it can be

The war between Samsung and Apple Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The war between Samsung and Apple - Essay Example instance, California there was a ruling by the jury stipulating that Samsung is to compensate Apple damages amounting to 1.05 billion for infringement, whereby dismissing allegations made by Samsung (Helena,1). There are intentions by Samsung to seek an appeal for the ruling, though it would result to reduced choices, less innovation and increase in prices. In terms of the company’s marketing strategies, they select a range of products through which a marketing strategy can be implemented focusing on supply and demand and an aim of raising the attractiveness of the products, which results to increased sales turn over (Botha, Strydom and Brink, 29). Apple has made the necessary effort of adapting the strategy of releasing its products such as iPhone 5, which has been an effective strategy of marketing. Customers of Apple products are always waiting to acquire the latest products from Apple Company. Moreover, they have a strategy of regulating volumes of iPhone 5 that are suppli ed to the market, in order to ensure that it is below the demand. On the other hand, Apple needs a reform of their marketing strategy, by ensuring that they are entering the market using attractive features on their products, which are no present in their competitors. Marketing theory of 4ps is necessary in comparing products from Samsung and Apple; whereby there are some advantages of Apple’s iPhone 5 over Samsung Galaxy S3, which entail the size of the screen, resolution, life of the battery. However, Samsung has exploited the hype of iPhone 5 launching, by using the chance to inform their customers about the features of Galaxy S3 using the media and the channels offered by the social media. Samsung had ensured that are stores in main cities at the time when iPhone 5 is being launched,... In terms of the company’s marketing strategies, they select a range of products through which a marketing strategy can be implemented focusing on supply and demand and an aim of raising the attractiveness of the products, which results in increased sales turnover (Botha, Strydom and Brink, 29). Apple has made the necessary effort of adopting the strategy of releasing its products such as iPhone 5, which has been an effective strategy for marketing. Customers of Apple products are always waiting to acquire the latest products from Apple Company. Moreover, they have a strategy of regulating volumes of iPhone 5 that are supplied to the market, in order to ensure that it is below the demand. On the other hand, Apple needs a reform of their marketing strategy, by ensuring that they are entering the market using attractive features on their products, which are no present in their competitors.Marketing theory of 4ps is necessary for comparing products from Samsung and Apple; whereby there are some advantages of Apple’s iPhone 5 over Samsung Galaxy S3, which entail the size of the screen, resolution, life of the battery. However, Samsung has exploited the hype of iPhone 5 launching, by using the chance to inform their customers about the features of Galaxy S3 using the media and the channels offered by the social media. Samsung had ensured that are stored in main cities at the time when iPhone 5 is being launched, whereby they used a clear message for their customers.

David Contracts Written Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

David Contracts Written Project - Essay Example In this similar concern, it can be affirmed that both the parties can be benefited from making a contract. It has to be enforceable by law. Though contracts can be of verbal or written type, preference must always given to the written contracts as they are quite uncomplicated to confirm in front of law (Dervort 107-108). DISCUSSION OF CONTRACT ELEMENTS Contracts are a kind of legally binding agreement by both the parties to a contract. Parties to a contract must know and understand that the agreement is enforceable by law. Contracts which are unlawful are void and not enforceable in the court. One of the important pre-conditions of the development of a contract is its legality (Cheeseman 1-250). Offer is principally viewed to be an expression of readiness which especially makes by an offeror with the intention of getting the offer duly accepted by an offeree. It is worth mentioning that offer is often viewed to be one of the initial as well as one of the influential elements of a con tract. Offer is duly considered to be an important contract element as it is viewed to be the initial step in entering into a particular contract (Dervort 107-108). It can be viewed that when an offeree agrees upon the offer which provides by an offeror, then it certainly becomes an acceptance. With the completion of acceptance process, both the parties come under a specific contract. Without the acceptance, contracts can never be formed. It is to be stated that an acceptance can be in both forms i.e. written or oral. Consideration is typically considered to be an act of a contract process. With the significant concern of consideration, individuals making a contract promise to perform or abstain from performing certain act. It has been apparently observed that consideration comprises either harm to the promisee or a benefit on behalf of the promisor. In the contract agreement, consideration plays an important role for the promises made by both the parties. Specially mentioning, it h as to be enforceable by lawful regulations (Dervort 107-108). There are many countries, which set a standard age for the age of majority. For most of the nations, it is 18. Any age below the age of 18 is called age of minority. There is an Infancy Doctrine made for the minorities. This doctrine states that minors need to be protected from the unscrupulous behavior of the adults. Minors can also rescind the contract as per as this doctrine is concerned. In the matter of writing, a contract needs to be formal and properly signed, expressed and with implied reference (Cheeseman 1-250). Contracts have to be legal and thus they must be presented and proved at the court. Contracts are generally viewed to be ‘meeting of the minds’ as two or more individuals can enter into a particular contract. In terms of legality, contracts need to be presented to another party without using fraud, threatening or other illegal activities. In order to determine the contract element i.e. legal ity, it is to be stated that the prime intention of a particular contract must be for a lawful purpose. The general law of contracts and many state statutes protect individuals who lack contractual capacity from having contracts forced especially on them. The requirement of parties accent needs to be real and genuine (Dervort 107-108). On the other hand, the contract element concerning meeting of the mind

Contrast, Comparison, and Definition of Writing Style Essay

Contrast, Comparison, and Definition of Writing Style - Essay Example In this essay about Purchasing a Home, it stands quite right to define the concept of defining the idea of ‘Buying a House’ and what it may mean to different people. Definition essays also mean to illustrate the application of the terms that is sought to be defined hence, it is quite correct to want to define the concept of ‘purchasing a house’, before delving further into it. In this essay, although the terms ‘purchasing a house’ literally means to buy a house, however, the implications of buying a house may vary with different points of view. People may have their own reasons and needs to clarify the term. Emphasis can be laid on similarities of opinions while buying a house; wherein a certain class of people may or may not like a certain kind of house. On the basis of this, one can use the ‘Contrast Essay’ methodology onto this essay. One can accentuate the contrasts in this essay in a number of ways. For example, the advantages of one kind of house over the other or purchasing a house in an urban area as opposed to purchasing a house in a rural area. Contrasts can be made in the prices of houses that are being purchased. In fact, all areas of subjectivity can be issued to contrast essays. Usually, contrasting in this essay will involve analyzing the situations that are being put forth by the writer.

Teaching the Lnguage Skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Teaching the Lnguage Skills - Essay Example It is a believed by many parents that inborn intelligence will control how well their kids learn to read no matter what type of instruction is given, however, the evidence suggests otherwise. It has been proved that, in general, IQ has very little bearing on early reading ability. Only recently, the researchers have found that children who have difficulty learning to read usually have acceptable level of IQs (Rayner et al. 2002). It is a fact that teaching children to read well in their early age obviously helps to develop a priceless lifetime habit; thus, it is not surprising that educators have placed enormous emphasis on finding the best way to teach these skills (Rayner et al. 2002). At one time, a great deal of debate in educational circles centred on whether whole-word or phonics instruction was the most effective way of teaching reading skills. But over the past decade or so, arguments have revolved around the relative merits of phonics and whole-word's successor, whole-language. The concept of whole-language approach has been adopted by many teachers because of its intuitive appeal. As making reading fun ensures to keep children motivated, and learning to read depends more on what the student does than on what the teacher does (Rayner et al. 2002). But the prospect of keeping kids interested would not have been enough by itself to convince teachers to use the whole-language method. What really made it a success was an educational philosophy that empowered teachers to compose their own curricula and encouraged them to treat children as active participants, an enticing combination that was promoted with flair by some educator celebrities. The presumed benefits of whole-language instruction and the stark contrast to the perceived dullness of phonics led to its growing acceptance across America during the 1990s (Rayner et al. 2002). It has been clearly demonstrated that understanding how letters relate to the component sounds of words is critically important in reading. The research on the topic shows that there is no doubt about it: teaching that makes the rules of phonics clear will ultimately be more successful than teaching that does not. Admittedly, some children can infer these principles on their own, but most need explicit instruction in phonics, or their reading skills will suffer. This conclusion rests, in part, on knowledge of how experienced readers make sense of words on a page an understanding that psychologists have developed over many decades. One of the first researchers to investigate the nature of reading was James M. Cattell, an American psychologist of the Victorian era (Rayner et al. 2002). To test whether proficient readers were taking in words letter by letter or all at once, he performed a pioneering experiment, exposing subjects very briefly to whole words or to individual letters and a sking them what they saw. He found that they were better able to report words than letters. Thus, it seemed apparent to him that people do not

Choice one of the topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Choice one of the topic - Essay Example Generally, quality can be managed by clearly defining quality characteristics, considering how it can be measured, setting quality standards and lastly, monitoring and improving standards (Kelemen, 2002, p.29). Some of the problems in managing quality of service include measurements because it is very difficult to measure something that is not tangible. Another problem is setting or meeting the required standards since it is not easy to meet diverse expectations of different customers. In addition, monitoring and improving quality service is also a challenge because it is extremely difficult to monitor something that cannot be observed. Some scholars equate the concept service quality to satisfaction (Hernon and Whitman 2000, p.14) claiming that service quality is concerned with satisfaction and meeting individuals’ expectations. Agreeably, service managers face different challenges as opposed to production managers and some of these challenges include answering customer call, satisfying customers by providing timely service, ensuring quality service, and time factors among others. This paper presents a discussion on quality, challenges that service managers face as opposed to product managers especially when trying to manage quality. Feigenbaum not only focuses on manufacturing but he also covers various departments which contribute to the quality of the product and services that an organizations offer to satisfy customer’s needs (Knowles, n.d, p.10). Managing quality is one big challenge to many managers in an organization. Product quality covers features, performance and defects among others whereas service quality incorporates time delivery and knowledge of delivery personnel among others. Product features is one way in which quality can be measured in that customers focus on the features of the product as the most important factor in meeting their expectations (Juran, 1989, p.19). Product quality and service quality differ in

Physics And Engineering In I.T. Power Management Essay Example for Free

Physics And Engineering In I.T. Power Management Essay The cost of energy continues to increase with shrinking in corporate budgets and need for more energy input. At times like this, even IT industry is affected and the stakeholders are starting to look for new ways of cutting down the cost as they keep the quality of work high and efficiency maximized. Implementation of a good energy policy in an organization’s premises can lead to reduced costs of ICT infrastructural costs in terms of capital required in setting up servers and cooling systems. If the right energy saving and proper utilization habits are adopted and effective construction and installation ideas implemented in natural air flow optimization and proper heat insulation can lead to less cooling facilities requirements, cutting on costs (Greenguard, 2009). Efforts of energy conservation in IT infrastructure have been initiated through: †¢ Technologies like PoE (Power over internet) and midspans; this is a technology that enables gadgets like phones to receive power together with data through the Ethernet connection. Midspans are stand alone gadgets that are used to interface the Ethernet switch with the power sources for optimized power distribution to the ports as required. †¢ Implementation of Smart energy and lighting technology in huge company premises with many workers using ICT equipments. †¢ Efforts of IEEE-the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, to set standards for manufacturers of electronic and electrical gadgets (IEEE 802. 3-at) to ensure optimized energy utilization at the design level. †¢ IT technology in energy auditing and virtualization of power management †¢ Use of Integrated circuits (ICs) to control magnetic and pulse width modulators for external power connection in devices. †¢ Use of Power Source Equipment (PSE) and Power Devices (PD) in network classification during powering of new connections to ensure only PoE connections are powered in wireless and telecom devices. Electrical Power With the introduction of Power over Ethernet (PoE), many electronic devices that work in direct connection with computers through Ethernet cables have shifted from use of external power cables to reception of power together with data on the Ethernet connection. The (IEEE) has established some standards (IEEE 802. 3-at) for such technology, contributing to encouraging the manufactures of electrical and electronic products to contribute in efforts of making ICT infrastructure environment friendly, through less energy consumption. This is a strategy which if adopted can lead to very improved efficiency in power delivery in devices’ interconnection. The manufacturers of such devices, for example Texas Instruments, are manufacturing devices with power capabilities of choosing either to use PoE or switch to standard mode when the option is not available. This is in the effort to become compliant with the IEEE 802. 3-at. Even when PoE is a better option than external cables, a more detailed power saving strategy can be applied through use of midspans, which interface the switches with power sources, injecting power to the ports using way much better technology and hence more efficient. Such consciousness is needed in order to contribute to the overall infrastructure. According to (Conner, 2008), for the manufacturers of the gadgets, the design of PoE can contribute to making of smaller boards and reduce the cost of inputs on large scale. The technology shift there in the physics of electronic gadgets is the replacement of impedance power reduction through dissipation with the magnetic and switching methods in pulse width modulators, controlled through ICs. In efforts to increase power efficiency, the cost of production is also bound to reduce in the long run. The application of PSEs and PDs in network in power control centers gives an option to do power budgets and determine the proper management strategies to be applied. These are such refined levels of control that give the way to streamline and generally control power use. With the current state of globalization in online business, the ICT infrastructure has grown to very complex networks, especially with emergent of mobile devices. Power systems for these networks are as huge as the extents of the networks while management is done manually at physical points of contact. The samples provided in the cases of Highmark and the University of Minnesota (Greenguard, 2009) form a small part of the global business ICT infrastructure that interact with the environment. Educating people/employees A huge effort should go to changing the habits of power use in a working environment. The employees can too contribute to the efforts of a greener ICT infrastructure by ensuring proper use of power. Switching off devices when not in use can help accumulate huge power savings with time. This is not a common thing in most IT departments and will take the initiative of the management to organist fro training of the power users on good use of energy sources. When organization becomes too huge with thousands of employees, energy efficiency becomes a major issue. Such a high number of users of the infrastructure can accumulate a high energy demand and proper management for cost effective and sustainable operation. An example of such a firm is the Highmark with 11000 employees. Energy Computations and Software Virtualization Right from the Physics hardware, the availability of interfacing in ports control to enable remote power on and power off (Ronen, 2009) in PoE makes complex networks manageable. In the Highmark case the Company strategized on extra careful management method on using software technology like energy auditing tools and virtualization as well as new technology in smart energy and lighting systems (Greenguard, 2009). According to the report, there has been increase in need for organizations to use power consuming ICT infrastructure with new technologies to do business as compared to the traditional methods. This has led to ratings of about â€Å"61 billion kilowatt-hours in 2006† by data centers (Greenguard, 2009). The figures could even increase with more ICT use, alarming the corporate to strategize on conservation and efficiency. Owing to this, there have been numerous instances of application of IT solution in power management. Highmark installed a system for collecting rain water and using it in a datacenter cooling system and virtualized the servers to monitor PC usage by employees. This strategy helped adopt the method of remote powering down of equipment not in use, to minimize wastage. The company consulted with IBM to do computations of server spacing for maximum utilization of cooling systems. It appears clearly that many organizations have massive equipments powered up even when not in use because of poor management policy. From these results, it is important to carry each of these computation and software analysis methods with weigh while considering efforts to manage such massive data infrastructures. In many cases, the companies rely on employees to be reliable in implementing the energy conservation policies but even that cannot be enough. If software methods are used to monitor use of powered resources and power them down remotely, a great deal of energy could be saved. A perfect example here is the IT organization of the University of Minnesota which could â€Å"switch off about 25,000 devices each night† (Greenguard, 2009). Conclusion The IT infrastructure comprises of billions of gadgets that use electrical power to operate and network equipment to keep them connected. Power consumption is therefore starts from a single device’s design and connection to the system and spans to the networking level. The physical electronic power consumption can be managed and through standardization methods such as those by IEEE. It is at such low levels that interaction with the environment can be analyzed and energy consumption optimized. The physical arrangement of power consuming data facilities is also of significance importance as clogging them closely together reduces the ability of natural air flow to take care of cooling done by electrical motors in fans. The relationship between IT and these physical sciences is so direct when it comes to practical application fields. The application of software power computation, management and control also helps ICT fit into the practical idea of conservation and greener infrastructure. From the cases analyzed, there is enough evidence that application of technology from the physics and engineering of devices and systems, software tools and ICT infrastructure can be managed in away that can lead to more environment friendly use. References Conner, M. (2008). PoE for high-powered applications. Electronics Weekly, (2263), 18 Retrieved from: http://search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=truedb=cphAN=36122010loginpage=Login. aspsite=ehost-live Sani Ronen, (2009) Midspans for next-gen PoE,An inside look at technologies and standards, Tech update, Available: www. networkworld. com Samuel Greengard, (2009), Building an Energy-Efficient IT Infrastructure, Baseline Magazine Available: http://www. baselinemag. com

Mongol Yoke Impact on Russias Development

Mongol Yoke Impact on Russias Development The principalities of Russia had a long history of clashes between those on the Russian frontier and nomadic peoples. The existing equilibrium of attacks between the principalities and the nomads was disturbed altered by the emergence of the Mongol empire. The Mongols unified the large groups of nomads creating a large united force and empire that stretched across Asia, to the loose border of the Kievan Rus. By 1237 Batu Khan, ruler of the Mongols, turned his sights to the Rus and launched the Storm of the Mongols. In only three years Kiev had been captured and destroyed and the Russian lands conquered. Rather than subjugate the Russian principalities the Mongols implemented a system of suzerainty in which the Russian princes would pay tribute[1], and Russia would act as a vassal state. The rein of the Mongols over Russia for almost two centauries had some positive impact on Russias development and has had a lasting influence on Russian culture and identity. With the freshly conquered Russia under their control, the Mongols needed to implement the administrative system for collecting the tribute that they demanded from the Russian people. The Mongols decided on using the existing system of principalities to require that each prince collect the taxation from the land which they controlled. Princes were incentivised to cooperate with their Mongol occupants as those that did were given greater powers and control to reign over their principalities. The Mongols pursued a policy of divide and concur, as due to the competition for Mongol favour the Kievan Rus disintegrated further as principalities communicated less. The competition and struggle for power was particularly great between the principalities of Moscow and Tver as both competed to become the most influential Russian principality and for the yarlyk. In the 13th century the Principality of Tver was less dependent on the Golden Horde, and as a result its people grew frustrated at the t axation and subjection and started to rise in rebellion in 1327. Prince Ivan I of Moscow saw this as an opportunity to gain further favour of the Mongol rulers and to defeat Tver, taking his Muscovite forces to quash and put down the rebellion, restoring order. In reward for his loyalty the Khan bestowed to Prince Ivan I the yarlyk, and to Moscow the sole responsibility for tax collection across the lands[2]. This decision has a dramatic impact on the balance of power in Russia and its development that is evident still today. Due to its role as main tax collector Moscow grew ever wealthier, which was aided by the screwed and skilled ruling of the Muscovite Princes. With their increasing wealth the Moscow began a process of gathering of the Russian lands in which it bought up and subjected other principalities allowing them more access to resources taxes and consequently more power. This progression continues and by the 15th century the Moscows power has expanded to most principaliti es being under Muscovite control. Therefore the Mongol decision to grant the yarlyk to the Muscovite Prince Ivan I had a great impact on the development of Russia as it led to the unification and consolidation of its lands under the rule of Moscow. No longer was Russia to be ruled be divided and competing Princes and their principalities. This was to be highly beneficial to Russias development as the principalities led to a state of constant turmoil as Princes warred with one another, which is highly costly in resources and manpower, hindering development. The consolidation of power under Moscow created the relative stability needed for Russia to develop and flourish. Additionally the impact of favouring Moscow has been incredibly long lasting as Moscow is still the capital and largest city in Russia today. The Mongols had a significant impact on the forming of the administrative structure that developed in Muscovy. This was not as a result of the Mongols imposing these systems upon the Russian rulers, but rather the Muscovite princes deliberate attempt to adopt and modify the Mongol administrative structure as a model for their own[3]. The Muscovite princes gained a first-hand understanding of these political and administrative structures during their numerous visits to the Khan, as well as many of their sons being kept within the Mongol Empire to ensure the cooperation of the ruling princes. These institutional reforms were to be highly beneficial to Russias development, as the number of principalities that fell under Muscovite control increased so did the need for administration of these territories. Muscovys princes turned to the Mongol legacy for inspiration as it was necessary to implement a full scale administrative bureaucracy as they needed a system to govern over their growing lands and to maintain control over their acquired principalities[4]. The princes naturally adopted and modified institutions that they had seen work well for the Mongols and applied it to their lands. Perhaps most important of the institutions was the system of daruaga, the territorial subdivision of Russia and the greater Mongol Empire. The governing of these territories was the responsibility of the darughachi who were the main administrators, and primarily the tax collectors. This system was developed and implemented by Ivan Kalita and future princes as the structure of tax collection and control in their territories. Consequently the Mongols had a significant impact on Russias development as the daruaga was a Mongol invention, and the wealth amassed by Muscovy through taxation was vital for its expansion and consolidation of Russian lands. However the Mongol influence in the development of taxation should not be overstated. The Mongols did not need to make major changes or alte rations to the existing Rus institutions as the surviving principalities already contained their own hierarchical structures and tributary networks[5]. Nevertheless, it was the levying of tributes upon Russia by the Mongols which led to these systems being formalised and strengthened by adopting Mongol institutions that resulted in the daruaga. The Mongol influence and impact on finance and trade in Russia has been lasting and is evident still today as the Russian word for money, dengi originates from the Tatar word denga as the first paper money to appear in Russia was issued under Mongol rule. Additionally many words concerning trade and banking are of Mongol origin including tamozhnya (customs), kazna (treasury), tovar (good or merchandise)[6]. To enable taxation to be efficient and as effective as possible the Mongols gave great priority to census tabulation and had performed the first census of the Rus by 1257, just 17 years after its conquest. Census recording was conducted by the darugi and served to ensure that taxes were being paid by all and of the purpose of conscription. Moscow continued this practice of collecting census data for centuries after the fall of the Mongol Empire. Russia was one of the earliest adopters of census tabulation as it would not become prevalent in Europe until the early 19th century, and not to the level of thoroughness and detail achieved in Russia. The impact of the Mongol rule on the development of Russia is apparent and extensive as it helped the Russian princes to create a strong and central government needed to govern a vast and populous territory, and later empire. In addition to aiding the expansion of Muscovy, the Mongols brought with them the institutions needed to maintain a growing territory. The Mongols had much experience ruling great sprawling empires, and had developed the institutions needed to rule vast land masses. One of these important development was the yam. The yam was a system of posts which was developed to provide to messengers and leaders; food, bedding and horses[7]. Each post ensured riders with rested horses and a place to retire exhausted horses, allowing riders to travel faster and further. The local people were responsible for the sustaining of these posts and caring for the horses. The yam enabled the Mongols to communicate quickly between the Khan and local leaders as a form of a fast postal service, but also dispatch elites between the various cities and principalities across the large Mongol Empire. The system was fast and efficient with a Hapsburg emissary reporting that the yam had allowed him to travel 500 kilo metres in only three days, much faster than anywhere else in Europe[8]. The yam system was important to the Mongols being able to maintain a tight control over its empire, and its usefulness was noticed by the Muscovite princes. Towards the end of Mongol control over Russia, Prince Ivan III continued to use the Mongol invention as the established method of communication as it gave to the price all the same benefits it did to the Mongols. By adopting the yam Muscovy had greater control over its citizens and was able to operate more effectively. The Mongols therefore had some impact on the development of Russia as whilst the yam does differ to the contemporary postal system we have today, it continued to be operated by Russian princes long after the Mongol Khans lost their control of the region and remained largely unchanged until the early 18th century. Whilst the Mongols Yoke did bring some positive aspects to Russia, much of the impact of the Mongols was negative and detrimental to Russias development. During the invasion of the Rus by the Mongol armies looted and razed cities and slaughtered the people, devastating whole regions. It is believed that around half the population of the Kievan Rus died during the Mongol invasion[9] which has given the Mongol Empire and its rule over Russia a reputation of brutality. This sense of Mongol brutality and Russian victimhood has had a lasting impact on Russian national identity and Russian culture. As a consequence the Mongols were blamed for the destruction of the Kievan Rus and from this was born the idea of oriental despotism and an unwillingness to attribute improvements to the Mongol Yoke. However it seems that whilst the initial invasion by the Mongols was certainly bloody and destructive, they were no solely responsible for the turmoil, rather warring principalities continued to bat tle one another in quasi civil wars. Additionally, Russian chronicles have very limited records of the rule of the Mongols following their assault and their immediate consequences. Whilst it is possible that a sense of national pride resulted in the monks responsible for chronicling the events choosing to omit the Mongols from their records out of shame of being dominated by a foreign and non-Christian force, it is also possible that the Mongol Yoke simply did not have that great of an impact on normal Russians. As the Mongols utilised some of the existing hierarchical power systems their control over the Rus was indirect and therefore less noticeable. Furthermore the violence between Russian principalities was more noticeable and striking at the time, allowing for the impact of the Yoke to be ignored. This suggests that whilst the initial invasion of the Rus certainly had a negative impact on Russias development as it resulted in the deaths of so many, but also the destruction of c ities such as Kiev that would take centauries to recover. Additionally the tribute in the form of taxes placed on the people would have been a burden on the Russian people, particularly for the peasantry and serfs[10], but they were not a new phenomenon for the Russian people as they would have been expected to pay tribute to their prince before the Mongol invasion. Therefore the negative impact that the Mongols had on Russias development has likely been exaggerated as beyond the immediate invasion the Mongols avoided creating significant changes to the ruling of Russia and adapted existing structures. In conclusion, beyond the initial devastation that the Mongols inflicted upon Russia it would seem that overall the Mongol Yoke had a moderately positive impact in the development of Russia. By giving favour to the Muscovite princes and granting them the role of tax collectors enabled the principality to flourish and grow. The unifying and gathering of the Russian lands that was possible with this wealth has had an enormous impact on Russias development as it allowed for the creation of a strong centralised government that still exists as the capital today. Furthermore the creation of the yam system had a positive impact on Russias development, as the Russian princes continued to utilise the Mongol invention long after their Empire collapsed as they benefited from fast communication. Overall the impact of the Mongol Yoke is only moderate as some of the institutions credited to their rule although certainly beneficial, were improvements upon existing Rus systems, such as the use of ce nsus tabulation to improve taxation. Additionally if their impact was more significant it would be expected for there to be greater mention of the Mongol Yoke within Russian documents of the time. Bibliography Dmytryshyn, Basil. A History of Russia. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1977 Goldfrank, David M. Muscovy and the Mongols: Whats What and Whats Maybe. Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 1.2 (2008): 259-266. Halperin, Charles J. Russia and the golden horde: the Mongol impact on medieval Russian history. Vol. 445. Indiana University Press, 1987 Hosking, Geoffrey. Russia and the Russians: A History. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2001 Hosseini, Dustin. The Effects of the Mongol Empire on Russia, Vestnik: The Journal of Russian and Asian Studie 2005. Ostrowski, Donald. Muscovy and the Mongols: cross-cultural influences on the steppe frontier, 1304-1589. Cambridge University Press, 2002. Ostrowski, Donald. The Mongol Origins of Muscovite Political Institutions. Slavic Review (1990): 525-542. Riasanovsky, Nicholas V. A History of Russia. Sixth ed. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc. 2000. The Moscow Times,. Was Tatar Yoke Really All That Bad? | News. N.p., 2015. Web. Apr. 19 2000. Vernadsky, George. A history of Russia. Vol. 5. Yale University Press, 1969. Wittfogel, Karl A. Russia and the East: A Comparison and Contrast, Slavic Review, Vol. 22, No. 4, December 1963: 627-643. [1] Ostrowski, Donald. Muscovy and the Mongols: cross-cultural influences on the steppe frontier, 1304-1589. Cambridge University Press, 2002. [2] Hosseini, Dustin. The Effects of the Mongol Empire on Russia, Vestnik: The Journal of Russian and Asian Studie 2005. [3] Ostrowski, Donald. The Mongol Origins of Muscovite Political Institutions. Slavic Review (1990): 525-542 [4]Halperin, Charles J. Russia and the golden horde: the Mongol impact on medieval Russian history. Vol. 445. Indiana University Press, 1987. [5] Goldfrank, David M. Muscovy and the Mongols: Whats What and Whats Maybe. Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 1.2 (2008): 259-266. [6] The Moscow Times,. Was Tatar Yoke Really All That Bad? | News. N.p., 2015. Web. Apr. 19 2000. [7] Hosking, Geoffrey. Russia and the Russians: A History. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2001 [8] Wittfogel, Karl A. Russia and the East: A Comparison and Contrast, Slavic Review, Vol. 22, No. 4, December 1963: 627-643. [9] Vernadsky, George. A history of Russia. Vol. 5. Yale University Press, 1969. [10] Stearns, Peter. Russia in Bondage, World Civilizations: The Global Experience

Tourism Market In Dubai Tourism Essay

Tourism Market In Dubai Tourism Essay Our mission is to provide tour plans for Business Tour, Normal Tours and UAE Company planning to send their employees for a trip, we hope to target tourist coming to Dubai for holidays as well as expatriates and locals living in Dubai. Our target market includes locals, tourist, working class, international visitors, corporate employees and newly married couples. We will design different packages to target our market segments based on demographic segmentation. We have segmented our market on the basis of Income Segmentation as described by Kotler, P. and Armstrong, G. (2008). Tourism Market in Dubai: The present credit crunch has also affected Dubai tourist industry, and its been observed that people tend to cut vacations the most as it is a leisure item. Given the current credit crunch it is noted that tourist who tend to travel to Dubai for holidays fall in high end tourism, which is less likely to be affected by any sort of economic recession. Hence Arabian tours Income segmentation of the market will allow us to create packages for the high end tourist. (Economic Sectors, 2009) The economic sectors of Dubai in the form of a pie chart are shown in Figure 1. dubai-economy.png Figure Economic Sectors: Dubai Arabian tours will target business tours, especially corporate packages for companies planning to send their employees for a holiday. Hamilton, S. (2008) notes that the tourism industry accounts for 20% of Dubais GDP and notes that Dubai has also become a venue for international conferences, seminars, festivals, exhibitions both on regional and international level, attracting even more tourist to Dubai. Further explains that traditional Arab hospitality, delightful winter climate, sophisticated infrastructure and crime free environment are the factors which will keep attracting tourist to Dubai in the future. Dubai government is dedicated to make tourism the major market of Dubai, hence focusing on building tourism industry. There are more than 255 hotels in Dubai and still more are under-construction, which will attract tourist in Dubai and will expand the market for Arabian Tours in the future. (UAEs Consumer Market, 2011) According to the pie chart provided by department of touris m and commerce marketing, Dubai the following figure 2 shows the guests received by Dubai Hotel Establishment by Nationality in January to June, 2010. Guest Dubai.png Figure Guests Received by Dubai Hotel Establishment by Nationality (Jan-Jun 2010) The above graph shows that the geographic location of Dubai also creates the demand for Arabian tours in Dubai, attracting tourist from UK, EU, USA, India, Iran, China, Russia, GCC and Other Countries of the world. Dubai is also the economic hub of the Middle East and attracts expatriates of multinational companies, which is also the target market for Arabian tours and clearly explains the growth potential of tourism in Dubai and an opportunity for Arabian Tours. Competition: Arabian Tours face a fierce competition in the market as the government continues to spend in tourism, some of the competitors are: Arabian Horizons Tours Dubai Tourism Safari Tour Experts UAE Arabian Adventures Travel in Dubai Emir Tours Alpha Tours Tour Dubai Hormuz Tourism Dubai Desert Safari Arabian tours will have a continuously developing strategy to bench-mark all the competitors in the market to gain competitive advantage. We will offer tour packages for all high end as well as low end tourist. Customer Satisfaction will be the core of the services provided at Arabian Tours enabling us to differentiate our tour packages from our competitors. We will reach special negotiations with Burj Al Arab and other hotels and resorts to offer the best packages for the tourist. We will also offer luxury pickups from Dubai Airport in a Rolce Royce to differentiate our services from our competitors. A competitor analysis is the first step the firm takes to be able to predict the extent and nature of its rivalry with each competitor as stated by Hokisson, R.E., Hitt, M.A., Ireland, R.D. Harrison, J.S. (2008). Arabian tours will conduct a thorough competitor analysis of all the marketing activities, promotions and tour packages offered by its competitors. A detailed industry analysis will be conducted to analyze all the new entrants, buyers, suppliers, competitors and substitutes as explained by Walker, G. (2004). Arabian Tours will conduct competitor analysis by assessing competitors objectives, strategies, strengths and weaknesses, and reaction patterns. Benchmarking will be at the core of Arabian Tours competitive strategy and the research team of Arabian Tours will always keep itself engaged in gathering information about competitors marketing mix, and also if the competitor is satisfied with their current marketing mix, and how the competitor might react to something launched by Arabian Tours. To assess the competitors strengths and weaknesses secondary data about the competitors will be collected, which will then be used to assess the competitors reactions. Arabian Tours will have an active research team engaged in marketing and competitor research. The findings of the research work will be used to develop competitive strength of Arabian Tours, as noted by Luther, W.M. (2011) competitive strength is one of the most important factors that determines whether you will enjoy profitability, and surprisingly, one that many entrepreneurs dont even take into account, further states that actually its the competition rather than the customer that determines your revenues, market share and profit. SWOT Analysis: Technology(Strength): Technology plays a vital role in todays world, Arabian Tours website will be launched providing the customers access to all the companies promotions and packages. Customers will be able to book a holiday tour by visiting the company website or by calling one of our representatives. Internet travelling is growing on a fast pace, our company website will be a complete tour solution for the entire tourist worldwide. We will use search engine optimization creating links of our websites on different websites attracting tourist globally to our website. Arabian Tours will have a robust CRM program in place to increase customer satisfaction. Social Media will also be used to spread the word about our company and the services offered, our holiday packages will be advertised using social media, print media and electronic media. We will also use billboards around the city to advertise the promotions and tour packages offered by Arabian Tour. Arabian Tours website will be visible in all the search engines, we will also post blogs, emails and eNewsletters to the target market. Socio-Political Environment: Since January, 2008 the world saw the worst financial crisis that has also affected Dubai tourist industry. Given the current financial crisis it is noted that tourist who tend to travel to Dubai for holidays fall in high end tourism, which is less likely to be affected by any sort of economic recession. Arabian Tours will have a special policy on identifying and eliminating human rights riska from its operations, and it is the primary responsibility of the enterprise to respect human rights in all of the companys practices. Corruption and bribery have a negative impact on any business, Dubai offers a crime and corruption free environment for all the businesses which will help us to fight any corrupt practices. Arabian tours will design internal mechanism to prevent, detect and remediate corrupt practices. Climate Change is one of the biggest risk faced by the world today, global water supplies are diminishing, while climate chane is one of the biggest risks of 21st century, it also presents opportunities for Arabian Tours to expand its business and come up with special holiday tours in Summers. Threats and Opportunities: Arabian Tours has to face a lot of competition by its competitors because Dubai is a tourist spot and more and more tourist companies are entering the market. This allows an easy entry of Arabian Tours in the tourism industry but at the same time Arabian Tours has to bench mark these competitors to gain competitive advantage. All our services will be customer oriented which provides us an opportunity to gain competitive advantage in the tourism industry of Dubai. Dubai government has policies to promote tourism which is an opportunity Arabian Tours can avail and enter the market without any restrictions. The whole world looks at Dubai as a holiday spot which attracts more tourists to Dubai every year, which is also an opportunity for Arabian Tours to attract international tourist. Objectives To become the industry leader in providing tour packages for Dubai. Providing tour packages to all people visiting Dubai as well as expatriates and locals living in Dubai. To become the leader in providing luxurious tour packages. Setting industry standards for tours in Dubai. Providing Customer driven preferences for tour planning. Strategies To become the industry leader we will advertise to masses as well as target market the niche market of tourism which are the high end tourist. We will acquire luxurious vehicles, helicopters and Cessna planes to become the luxurious tour provider. We will provide our customers with an experience which they wont forget and give them something to remember and take memories back with them when they leave Dubai. Our international correspondence office will be open 24hours providing information on our tour packages and all the luxurious options which tourist could add to their tour. ACTION PLAN/MARKETING MIX PRODUCT: We have planned to offer the following services: Desert Safari Morning Desert Safari Evening Desert Safari Overnight Dubai Desert Safari Desert Safari by Hummer (Luxurious Tour) Hatta Mountain Safari Cruise Packages Cruise and Fish in The Gulf (Dolphin and Seals Show) Cruise and Dine Dubai Wild Wadi Tour Big Bus Dubai Tour Tour all the shopping malls and famous tourist spots in Dubai Fly over Dubai Helicopter tour of Dubai (sight seeing Dubai) Cessna Plane tour of Dubai (Sight seeing Dubai) Tour Packages for newly married couples Romantic Cruise Honey Moon package with a stay at Burj Al Arab and reception on helicopter from Dubai airport Business Tour Site Seeing Dubai in a Helicopter Cessna fly over Dubai Corporate Packages Holiday package for company employees (international/national) PRICE: Our tour packages are focused to provide luxury tour to our customers while offering competitive prices. PROMOTION PLAN We will be using following promotion methods: Print Media Electronic Media Billboards Steamers Social Media Online Website To compete in the market we will also use both above the line and below the line marketing strategies. Social Media advertisement will be used to reach all the target markets to reach all the people visiting to Dubai and expatriates as well as locals living in Dubai. PLACEMENT/DISTRIBUTION METHODS We will have our Head office on sheikh zayed road with branches in famous spots of Dubai, i.e. Airport, Deira, Bur Dubai (One Head Office and Three Branches). Our customers will be able to contact us online as well and the website will provide all the information on the available tours and customers will be able to book a tour from anywhere in the world. Our sales team will be given customer oriented training, enabling them to provide customer satisfaction to the tourist. Staff training will include: Sales Team Training Management Trainee Program Selling at the airport sales training SALES PROJECTIONS FOR FIVE YEARS: The following table shows the sales projection for Arabian Tours for 5 years, (Dubai Tourism appeal up, 2012) reports that, Dubai ranks among the top 10 tourist destinations worldwide and the emirate is expected to attract 8.8million international visitors in 2012 with spending estimated at around 8.8 billion, index released by global credit card company MasterCard. Table Arabian Tours 5 years Sales Projections SALES PROJECTIONS FOR FIVE YEARS Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Optimistic 50K 60K 70K 80K 90K Pessimistic 30K 40K 50K 60K 70K Realistic 40K 50K 60K 70K 80K Table one shows the five year sales projection for Arabian Tours, serving bench mark 1000 tourist a week.

Reform Healthcare in America to a Socialized Model Essay -- Healthcare

Despite the best efforts to stay healthy, periodic problems with one’s health are an unavoidable part of life. While many of these injuries or illnesses will pass without problem even if untreated, every person will almost inevitably face the occasional health issue that demands attention. The appropriate response to this ailment may involve going to a hospital to consult a physician, and with this step, the situation can become very complicated, particularly for Americans. Current Significance of Healthcare Issues in the United States The significance of issues of healthcare in the minds of Americans was made especially clear this year with the recent presidential election. According to a survey taken between September 2003 and January 2004 by the nonprofit foundation The Commonwealth Fund, 57 percent of Americans classified the presidential candidates’ policies on reforming the healthcare system as â€Å"very important† in determining their vote for president (as cited in Mundell, 2004, para. 5). The large amount of concern regarding the issue of healthcare likely represents the widespread dissatisfaction with America’s current system. A 2004 Commonwealth Fund International survey indicates that citizens of the United States have significantly more negative feelings about their country’s healthcare system than any of the other industrialized nations that were surveyed, with one-third of adults in the U.S. calling for restructuring of the healthcare system (as cited in Gardner, 2004, pa ra. 8). Since so many people are calling for change and demonstrating serious concern, the importance placed on the issue is logical. Identified as the â€Å"single greatest problem confronting all Americans† on the cover of the Erik Eckholm’s analy... ...(2001). As sick as it gets: the shocking reality of America’s healthcare. Dunkirk, NY: Olin Frederick. Mundell, E. (2004, March 29). Poll: Health Care Key Issue in ’04 Election. Health Day News. Retrieved November 1, 2004 from http://www.healthday.com/view.cfm?id=518143. Nayeri, K. (1995). The Cuban health care system and factors currently undermining it. Journal of Community Health, 4, 321-334. Abstract retrieved November 2, 2004, from PubMed Central database. Raffel, M. and Raffel N. (1994). The U.S. Health System: Origins and Functions. Albany, NY: Delmar Publishers, Inc. Socialized medicine. (2003). In The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed (www.bartleby.com/65). New York: Columbia University Press. Strosberg, M., Wiener, J., & Baker, R. (Eds.). (1992). Rationing America’s medical care: the Oregon Plan and beyond. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution. Reform Healthcare in America to a Socialized Model Essay -- Healthcare Despite the best efforts to stay healthy, periodic problems with one’s health are an unavoidable part of life. While many of these injuries or illnesses will pass without problem even if untreated, every person will almost inevitably face the occasional health issue that demands attention. The appropriate response to this ailment may involve going to a hospital to consult a physician, and with this step, the situation can become very complicated, particularly for Americans. Current Significance of Healthcare Issues in the United States The significance of issues of healthcare in the minds of Americans was made especially clear this year with the recent presidential election. According to a survey taken between September 2003 and January 2004 by the nonprofit foundation The Commonwealth Fund, 57 percent of Americans classified the presidential candidates’ policies on reforming the healthcare system as â€Å"very important† in determining their vote for president (as cited in Mundell, 2004, para. 5). The large amount of concern regarding the issue of healthcare likely represents the widespread dissatisfaction with America’s current system. A 2004 Commonwealth Fund International survey indicates that citizens of the United States have significantly more negative feelings about their country’s healthcare system than any of the other industrialized nations that were surveyed, with one-third of adults in the U.S. calling for restructuring of the healthcare system (as cited in Gardner, 2004, pa ra. 8). Since so many people are calling for change and demonstrating serious concern, the importance placed on the issue is logical. Identified as the â€Å"single greatest problem confronting all Americans† on the cover of the Erik Eckholm’s analy... ...(2001). As sick as it gets: the shocking reality of America’s healthcare. Dunkirk, NY: Olin Frederick. Mundell, E. (2004, March 29). Poll: Health Care Key Issue in ’04 Election. Health Day News. Retrieved November 1, 2004 from http://www.healthday.com/view.cfm?id=518143. Nayeri, K. (1995). The Cuban health care system and factors currently undermining it. Journal of Community Health, 4, 321-334. Abstract retrieved November 2, 2004, from PubMed Central database. Raffel, M. and Raffel N. (1994). The U.S. Health System: Origins and Functions. Albany, NY: Delmar Publishers, Inc. Socialized medicine. (2003). In The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed (www.bartleby.com/65). New York: Columbia University Press. Strosberg, M., Wiener, J., & Baker, R. (Eds.). (1992). Rationing America’s medical care: the Oregon Plan and beyond. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution. Reform Healthcare in America to a Socialized Model Essay -- Healthcare Despite the best efforts to stay healthy, periodic problems with one’s health are an unavoidable part of life. While many of these injuries or illnesses will pass without problem even if untreated, every person will almost inevitably face the occasional health issue that demands attention. The appropriate response to this ailment may involve going to a hospital to consult a physician, and with this step, the situation can become very complicated, particularly for Americans. Current Significance of Healthcare Issues in the United States The significance of issues of healthcare in the minds of Americans was made especially clear this year with the recent presidential election. According to a survey taken between September 2003 and January 2004 by the nonprofit foundation The Commonwealth Fund, 57 percent of Americans classified the presidential candidates’ policies on reforming the healthcare system as â€Å"very important† in determining their vote for president (as cited in Mundell, 2004, para. 5). The large amount of concern regarding the issue of healthcare likely represents the widespread dissatisfaction with America’s current system. A 2004 Commonwealth Fund International survey indicates that citizens of the United States have significantly more negative feelings about their country’s healthcare system than any of the other industrialized nations that were surveyed, with one-third of adults in the U.S. calling for restructuring of the healthcare system (as cited in Gardner, 2004, pa ra. 8). Since so many people are calling for change and demonstrating serious concern, the importance placed on the issue is logical. Identified as the â€Å"single greatest problem confronting all Americans† on the cover of the Erik Eckholm’s analy... ...(2001). As sick as it gets: the shocking reality of America’s healthcare. Dunkirk, NY: Olin Frederick. Mundell, E. (2004, March 29). Poll: Health Care Key Issue in ’04 Election. Health Day News. Retrieved November 1, 2004 from http://www.healthday.com/view.cfm?id=518143. Nayeri, K. (1995). The Cuban health care system and factors currently undermining it. Journal of Community Health, 4, 321-334. Abstract retrieved November 2, 2004, from PubMed Central database. Raffel, M. and Raffel N. (1994). The U.S. Health System: Origins and Functions. Albany, NY: Delmar Publishers, Inc. Socialized medicine. (2003). In The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed (www.bartleby.com/65). New York: Columbia University Press. Strosberg, M., Wiener, J., & Baker, R. (Eds.). (1992). Rationing America’s medical care: the Oregon Plan and beyond. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.

Indian Nationalism :: Asian Asian History

Indian Nationalism Factors Promoting Nationalism Racial arrogance - on the part of the British created resentment by Indians. They were treated as second-class citizens and were given only the poorest jobs. British in positions of power, such as General Mayo (Viceroy of India) openly made statements of racial superiority. Educated Indian professionals - felt they were denied equal opportunities within the "machinery" of British rule (such as the Indian Civil Service). They founded a nationalist movement that initially sought equal status for Indians and eventually sought full Indian independence. Anti-Westernisation - Britain had changed India's traditional institutions with apparently little respect for the existing culture and religion. British modernisation - probably helped spread the nationalist message. They had improved transport and communications. Indian Association 1885 - Began as a powerless "talking shop" but turned into the Indian National Congress, where Indians could voice their complaints against the British. Educated politicians used this parliament to rally support for the movement. Lord Curzon (Viceroy 1898-1905) gave no concessions to the natives. He allowed them no representation and saw them as inferior. Division of Bengal 1906 - was unpopular because it divided the regional cultures. In India, many people had greater affinity to their region than to the whole country. Splitting Bengal led to a swell of nationalist support. Factors Restraining Nationalism India was divided regionally - There was great cultural and religious divide across the regions. There were 200 different languages spoken across India so communication on a large scale was difficult. There were also many religions (including Sikhs, Muslims, and Hindus) who would not co-operate with each other. Indian Congress was divided - Liberal wing led by Gokhale, and extremist wing led by Tilak.

The Effects of Baby Boomers on Social Security and Healthcare

Expected Lifetime Costs of Significant â€Å"Aging Shocks† for a 65-Year-Old Today Population Needing Long-term Care If we also look at another issue as to why long-term care could be a large burden is the rapid inflation in expenditures for long-term care in recent years. Medicare and Medicaid expenditures on nursing home care were $9 billion in 1980, more than doubling to $25 billion by 1990, and doubling again to $54 billion by 1999. Likewise, Medicare and Medicaid expenditures on home health care increased from less than $1 billion in 1980 to $5 billion in 1990 and to $16. billion in 1999, down from a high of $17 billion in 1996 (Health Care Financing Administration 2000; Heffler et al. 2001). With this we can also see that out of pocket expenses have not been lowered at all either. Also there is a concern about long-term care costs that comes from a report by Curran, McLanahan, and Knab (in review) it suggest that children who experience divorce may be less willing or abl e to care for their aging parents. Their data indicate that the probability of an elderly person perceiving an availability of emotional support from his or her children is reduced from 71 percent for those who marry once and remain married to 56 percent for those who many and divorce. Which would make these elderly Baby Boomers more apt to have to depend on Social Security or some sort of governmental supplement? {draw:frame} There remain some substantial challenges to getting ready to meet the long-term care needs of Baby Boomers. Basically there are four areas of concerns that need to be focused on: Creating a finance system for long-term care that works Building a viable and affordable community-based delivery system Investing in healthy aging in order to achieve lower disability rates, and Recharging the concept of family and the value of seniors in American culture. There are four sources of payments currently finance long-term care services for the elderly: Medicare, Medicaid, private insurance, and out-of-pocket payments. The federal Medicare program pays for approximately 24 percent of all long-term care costs (Congressional Budget Office 1999). In principle, Medicare does not cover custodial long-term care, but rehabilitation care. The federal/state Medicaid program is probably the most important player in the long-term care financing system. Medicare may if you will, be considered as a back up to the Medicaid program. Basically what Medicare does is help pay for the eldest and more serious conditions in the elderly who are in a situation that they have little to no money.

Develop Positive Relationships with Children Essay

1.1 formulate why tyrannical familys with babyren and girlish commonwealth atomic number 18 important and how these argon reinforced and celebrateed Why positive human affinitys with kidskinren and three-year-old masses argon important (Ref 1.1) * When chel ben smack cosy with us they go off cut off to a greater extent(prenominal) than(prenominal) easily from their p atomic number 18nts. * Children ar more in for each one(prenominal) analogouslihood to participate in playact and learning activities if they ar secure emotion solelyy * when chel arn control strong relationships, they atomic number 18 little likely to demo unwanted de stiffor as we give the gate recognise and agree their necessitys * barbarianrens wrangle develops more quickly beca economic consumption they belief confident talk to us * practiti geniusrs rear plan more accurately as they top issuesterrens developmental needs and know their interests * practitioners are able to respond to babyren more efficaciously beca determi tribe they sens recognise their expressions and emotions. replete(p) relationships are actually important for our swell world. Humans founder evolved as social animals, so we ease up a deep, natural need to impute with early(a)(a) lot and to belong to a social group. This sense of connection and belong comes from keen relationships with the nation around us in our families, at change state or school and with our friends. There is strong testify that when we intent we belong, we leave flourish. A electric razors ability to develop passably relationships is an extremely important step on the path to scrambleting the best a office of his or her life. How positive relationships are built and maintained (Ref 1.1)* Communicating impressivelyOften, we focalization on exertioning to get our loony toons across or asserting how we feel ab out(p) some thing. However, communication is a bipartisan process it involves get wording as well as speaking. How we list to differents is just as important as what we judge to them. and profound hearing is much more than staying silent when a nonher speaks. The around effective form of heeding for prepareing good relationships is sympathetic listening. Empathy is most jut outing things from the other soulfulnesss drive of view. So, empathic listening intend listening with the purport of really understanding what the other somebody means and how the other mortal feels.We are much more likely to defecate good relationships with shaverren and unexamp conduct community if we really represent an effort to see things from their time period of view. If we do this, they depart feel hindquarters up and understood, and are much more likely to open up and tell us well-nigh whats happening in their lives and how they feel. Seeing things from a childs point of view is not easy. It means really trying to step into their shoe and ima gine how a situation looks done their eyes and how it feels to them. This quote functions us understand how children (and adults) really want to be listened to When I inter give-up the ghost you to listen and you start fine-looking advice, you nurture not done what I wipe out asked. When I ask you to listen to me and you begin to tell me why I shouldnt feel that way, you are trampling on my feelings. When I ask you to listen and you feel you establish to do something to drub my bother, you set out failed me, strange as it may seem. beware All I ask is that you listen not talk or do just hear me.We withal need to consider the childs perspective if they ask us for our creed or advice. Children are much more likely to listen to our opinion or advice if we can put it in a way that means something to them. For example, if they ask us for advice on what subjects they should study at risque school, it may be best to condone why we echo certain subjects would be divulge than others. Or it may be that they dont want proper(postnominal) advice on what subjects they should do, enti cuss they want us to encourage them think intimately it so they can then stick the finale more effectively themselves. So, asking probing questions like what do you enjoy doing most? or what would you like to gamble out more about? or what would you be most happy doing as a job on a periodic basis? may alleviate them give birth the decision for themselves.Effective communication is not just about speaking and listening. It is too about watching and feeling. Our proboscis language and tone of voice actually communicate more strongly than the words we use. So, listening effectively involves tuning in near to the other persons body language and tone of voice as well as their words. How positive relationships are built and maintained(Ref 1.1) * Identifying and sorting out conflicts and disagreements Children, like adults leave hold back their disagreements. As children get older their arguments can become more serious and are not wide squabbles.In couch for children and younkerish people to put us, it is important that we can constitute difficulties and help them wherever possible to find ways through them. It is indwelling that children and young people perceive our way of doing this as fair. When you have a conflict with a child, there is an opportunity for learning about how to solve problems. Conflicts help children to understand that other people have dissimilar thoughts and feelings to their sustain. Listen to the child and try to understand their point of view, and help them to understand yours. Then together, try to think of ways to solve the problem that you are both happy with. It cogency take a while but it leave be worth it, and en assurance help to set up your relationship.How positive relationships are built and maintained (Ref 1.1)* Being legitimate and fairConsistency means not just persevereing behavioural boundaries in place, but also making convinced(predicate)ly that we do not have probatory mood swings, e.g. one day creation excitable and funny and the next organism quiet and withdrawn. Children and young people rely upon us, this means that it is essential that day to day, we are consistent. Children also need to know that we will be fair with them, we will listen to what they have to say before spring to conclusions and we will try to make sure that their needs are taken into consideration.Fairness is something that adults need as well. Parents will want to see that the way that their family is being treated is alike(p) with others, while staff members need to feel that their workplace is a fair one where everyone is expected to pull their weight.* Showing love and courtesyMutual respect is essential for good relationships. This means that everyone in the relationship respects severally other. Respecting others means being considerate towards them, thinking about their feelings and judge that they may have different views and opinions to you. A good relationship with a child would mean that you would respect them and they would respect you. Good long-term relationships also involve great(p) to others (for example time, kindness, praise, etc.). However, just because you give, it doesnt mean that you lose out everyone in the relationship should give, soeveryone should expect to returns (mutual bene adequate). A good relationship with a child would mean that they benefit from their relationship with you and you would benefit from your relationship with them.Children dont have to compete with each other to gain recognition or opportunities. We all have different abilities and strengths, and if we teach children to respect each other and to see each others strengths, we will be helping them to see that everyone can achieve in their receive way. Their witness success does not have to be diminished by another childs success. And, if you can help th em to help each other to be successful, you will be helping them to build better relationships with each other. From the earliest age, we should be apply markers of respect in English much(prenominal) as saying please and thank you. We should also speak to children and young people using voice tones that are adoring and courteous.* Valuing and respecting individuationGood relationships can scat to great ideas, creativity and achievement. We are all different, and in good relationships, people respect their differences, they dont just birth their differences. They may have different phantasmal or political beliefs, different kinds of lifestyles, different personalities or different abilities. just now they use this diversity and richness of experience to perform better ideas and new solutions or make water a great team achievement. Children, young people and other adults will all have different strengths, talents and attitudes. They will also respond in different ways. Val uing and respecting their individuality means showing that we are cozy with their differences.Children, especially teenagers, very much want to fit in with their peer group. Feeling cosy with the people around us is important. But to fit in and feel comfortable with others, we dont have to be the same as others, we just have to accept and place others. If we can make others feel accepted and valued, then they are more likely to accept and value us. Recognising others individuality is the basis of anti-bias practice. How positive relationships are built and maintained (Ref 1.1)* Keeping promises or honouring commitmentsTrusting someone else is the foundation of a good relationship. We canstrengthen or weaken someones institutionalize in us by what we say and do. To strengthen a relationship, it is important to think about the little things we can say or do to check the other persons trust for example, we can be open and candid with them, keep our promises and try to understan d their point of view. As adults who work with or electric charge for children, you can help develop your relationships with children by doing things that build their trust in you. This will show them how to trust others and behave in a way which helps others trust them. Not charge promises or honouring commitments mean that a child or young person will tend not to trust us again or may keep some distance from us. Build trust in your relationships with children keep your promises, be honest and clear about what you expect from them, let off when you make a mistake and exculpate them for their mistakes. Help them understand that you expect them to do the same with you.* Monitoring the impact of your own behaviour on othersPart of working(a) professionally with children, young people and their families is to varan and then, if necessary, adapt our own behaviour. You may label that a child moves fairly back when you talk to them. Noticing this is important as it study power be a sign that the child finds you too overpowering and so you will need to alter your style slightly to be gentler.* Keeping confidentiality as tolerateConfidential learning is schooling which should be shared only with people who have a right to have it, for example, your trail practitioner, supervisor or manager. Confidentiality is essentially about trust and respect. Parents and other professionals will often give you confidential information on the basis that it will be cooperative to you when you work. They do so trusting that this information will not be passed on to others, to become the source of gossip or interest. If you breach confidentiality, you will break that trust. When trust in the midst of you and others breaks down, so too does the relationship. piece we can never promise to maintain confidentiality if children reveal that they have been abused, or that there is a danger that they may be harmed, keeping confidentiality is an important part of working wit h children, young people and others.1.3 Evaluate own effectiveness in building relationships with children or young peopleThe wonderful thing about children and young people is that they are all different. We need to adapt the way in which we approach and communicate with them fit to their age/stage of development, needs and personality. For each child or young person that I work with, I consider the strength of the relationship, they have with me. I use the following pointers to identify how well the relationship is being built* GreetingDoes the child or young person strain me out soon after culmination into my setting? Does the child or young person like to tell me when they are leaving the setting?* Seeking helpDoes the child or young person look for me if he/she needs help or if they have had an accident?* merry and eye contactDoes the child or young person often make eye contact with me or smiling while I am with them?* smell for companyDoes the child or young person look for me to get composite in his/her playtime, in chat or in an activity?* AbsenceDoes the child or young person bunk me when I am not in the room (babies and toddlers) or if I am off for a few age?Ref 2.1 Explain why positive relationships with people heterogeneous in the business concern of children and young people are importantThe professional and positive relationships we develop with people involved in the care of children and young people will ensure that good communication is possible in order to support the needs of children and their families. It is important to have these positive relationships as if we dont there is a danger that information may be withheld or passed on incorrectly. This has to be taken seriously as, over the past few years, some child deaths have occurred because people caring for children have not worked flop together. An example of this is In 2000 in London, an eight-year-old Ivorian Victoria Adjo Climbi (2 November 1991 25 February 2000) was ha g-ridden and murdered by her guardians.Her death led to a commonplace inquiry and produced major changes in child protection policies in England. After Climbis death, the parties involved in her case were widely criticised. A public inquiry, headed by Lord Laming was ordered. It discovered legion(predicate) instances where Climbi could have been saved and noted that more of the organisations involved in her care were disadvantageously run and did not communicate with one another. Where parents are concerned it is essential that we build positive relationships so that we can work closely together with them to benefit the child in a variety of ways. This should allow settling the child in, sharing developmental information and also learning about childrens interest.Benefits of positive relationshipsInformation can be shared quickly between adultsChildren are given consistent careSkills and ideas can be sharedChildrens welfare can be properly monitoredChildrens needs and interests are determinePlans for childrens care and education are more effectivePeople involved in the care of children and young people are ColleaguesOrganisational managers and supervisorsCarers/parentsOfficial visitors e.g. inspectorate for the UK home nation (Ofsted) Other Visitors, Colleagues from other agencies and services (Early years) impertinent partners